Delhi is a city where the modern and the ancient blend together. A thriving city where millions of people live and dream, Delhi has a rich history which is visible today through its amazing architecture and heritage sites. The land that has seen many powerful empires in the past is full of Best Historical Monuments in Delhi that are very well preserved and worth visiting.
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1. Humayun’s Tomb
Humayun’s Tomb, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a stunning example of Persian architecture built during the Mughal period. It was built by Humayun’s widow Hamida Banu Begum in 1526, nine years after his death. This beautiful monument is made of red sandstone. The mausoleum is set amidst charbagh-style gardens, with ponds that are connected by canals. It has two entrances: one on the southern side and one on the western side. The high central arch and octagonal shape of the structure are important aesthetics of Mughal architecture.
2. Tughlaqabad Fort
Built by Ghiyas-ud-din-Tughlaq, the founder of the Tughlaq dynasty, in 1321, the Tughlaqabad Fort is a massive stone structure with walls about 10 to 15 meters high. This huge fort was abandoned in the year 1327. The fort initially had 52 gates, of which 13 still remain.
3. Qutub Minar
This 73 meter high tower was built by Qutb-ud-din Aibak in the year 1193. Qutub Minar was built to celebrate Muslim supremacy in Delhi, after the defeat of the last Hindu ruler of Delhi. It is the tallest tower in India, with five levels and raised balconies. The first three levels are made of red sandstone and the last two of marble and sandstone. Qutub Minar has three different types of architectural styles. The construction of the minaret was started by Aibak (who had built the basement). Later, Iltutmish added three storeys and then it was completed by Firoz Shah Tughlaq, who built the last two storeys. Quwwat-us-Islam Mosque, the first mosque built in India, is located here.
4. Safdarjung’s Tomb
Safdarjung Tomb is the tomb of Safdarjung. This garden mausoleum was built by his son Shuja-ud-Daula in the year 1753-54. It has many small tents like Moti Mahal, Jangli Mahal and Badshah Pasand. The tomb complex also houses a library and a madrasa which is maintained by the Archaeological Survey of India. The tomb of Safdarganj is built on a high platform with a dome of red sandstone and white marble.
5. Isa Khan’s Tomb
The tomb of Isa Khan is located in the same complex as Humayun’s Tomb. It was constructed in the 15th century. Isa Khan was an Afghan amir in the court of Sher Shah Suri. This mausoleum is beautifully decorated with varnished tiles, ornate chhatris and several verandahs all around. It is one of the oldest sunken garden-style tombs in Delhi.
6. Red Fort (Lal Qila)
This huge red sandstone fort is synonymous with Delhi and is a testament to the glory of the Mughal Empire. Built by Shah Jahan in 1638, it took about ten years to complete. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Red Fort is octagonal in shape, with walls decorated with flowers and calligraphy, typically in the style of beautiful Mughal era architecture.
7. Alai Darwaza
Alai Darwaza was built by Alauddin Khilji in 1311 AD. It is the main entrance from the south side of the Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque in the Qutub Minar complex. The gateway was constructed of red sandstone and decorated with white marble. There are beautiful inscriptions in Nashq script on the walls. The Alai Darwaza with beautiful arches and borders that look like lotus buds is one of the first buildings in India that was built using the Islamic architectural style.
8. Diwan-i-Am
Diwan-e-Aam is located inside the Red Fort and it was here that the emperor used to meet and address the common people. The hall is decorated with stucco work and has gold pillars. This grand hall was also used for many state functions and ceremonies.
9. Tomb of Imam Zamin
Located near the Alai Darwaza in the Qutb complex, is the tomb of the famous Turkistani Imam Imam Zamin. Imam Zameen was the Imam of Quwwat-u-Islam Mosque. He came to Delhi in the 15th century and lived in the Qutub Complex complex during the rule of Sikandar Lodi. It is a small tomb built of sandstone on an octagonal base; The interiors are decorated with white plaster and intricate lattice work.
10. Purana Qila (Old Fort)
Purana Qila, one of the oldest forts in India, was built by the Afghan king Sher Shah Suri. The fort has three entrance gates: Bada Darwaza, Humayun Gate and Talaki Gate. All the gates are two-storey structures that were constructed using sandstone. There are beautiful pavilions, balconies and chhatris at the northern and southern gates which add to the beauty and grandeur of the fort.
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